Решение по дело №5930/2017 на Софийски градски съд

Номер на акта: 881
Дата: 6 август 2018 г. (в сила от 6 август 2018 г.)
Съдия: Емил Иванов Дечев
Дело: 20171100605930
Тип на делото: Въззивно наказателно дело от общ характер
Дата на образуване: 18 декември 2017 г.

Съдържание на акта

Р   Е   Ш   Е   Н   И   Е

В ИМЕТО НА НАРОДА  

София, .........................

 

 

СОФИЙСКИ ГРАДСКИ СЪД, НАКАЗАТЕЛНА КОЛЕГИЯ, XIV въззивен състав, в открито заседание на шести юли две хиляди  и осемнадесета година, в състав:

 

                                                                                            

 ПРЕДСЕДАТЕЛ:    АНДРЕЙ АНГЕЛОВ

                                                            ЧЛЕНОВЕ:              ЕМИЛ ДЕЧЕВ

                                                                                              СВЕТЛАНА АТАНАСОВА

 

При участието на секретаря Даниела Генчева и прокурора Томи Наков, разгледа докладваното от съдия Емил Дечев ВНОХД № 5930 по описа за 2017                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   г. и за да се произнесе взе предвид следното:

Производството е по реда на чл. 313 и сл. от НПК.

Образувано е по въззивна жалба на защитата на подсъдимия  Б.Д.В. срещу присъда от 25.10.2017г. по нохд №14683/2017г. по описа на СРС, НО, 5 състав, с която подсъдимият е признат за виновен по повдигнатото му обвинение за извършено престъпление по чл. 343, ал.1, б. „Б“, вр. чл. 342, ал.1 от НК за това, че на 03.10.2016г., около 13.30ч., в гр.София, при управление на МПС – л.а. „Хюндай“, модел „Елантра“ с рег.№********, по бул.“Княгиня Мария Луиза“ с посока на движение от ул.“Козлодуй“ към бул.“Христо Ботев“ и на кръстовището с ул.“Веслец“ нарушил правилата за движение по пътищата установени в чл.25, ал.1 от ЗДвП, като при маневра „завой надясно“ от бул“Княгиня Мария Луиза“ към ул.“Веслец“ не пропуснал и реализирал ПТП с насрещно движещия се по обособена пешеходна алея велосипедист Т.А.С.и по непредпазливост му причинил средна телесна повреда изразяваща се в изкълчване на дясната раменна става, довело до трайно (за срок по-дълъг от 30 дни) затруднение на движенията на десния горен крайник и на чл. 78А, ал.1 от НК е освободен от наказателна отговорност и му е наложено административно наказание глоба в размер на 1000лв. и е лишен от право да управлява МПС за срок от шест месеца. На основание чл. 189, ал.3 от НПК направените по делото разноски са възложени в тежест на подсъдимия.

Във въззивната жалба и допълнението към нея се поддържа, че присъдата е неправилна, несправедлива и незаконосъобразна, поради неправилна преценка на доказателствената съвкупност. Твърди се, че присъдата е постановена в нарушение на принципа non bis in idem, тъй като за същото деяние е било образувано административно-наказателно производство, с което е било наложено административно наказание глоба, която е заплатена от подсъдимия. Предлага се присъдата да бъде отменена и да се прекрати наказателното производство, алтернативно се предлага присъдата да бъде отменена и да се върне делото на друг състав на СРС или на прокуратурата с указания производството да бъде спряно до решаване въпроса с наложеното административно наказание за същото деяние. Още алтернативно се предлага да се отмени обжалваната присъда и да се постанови нова, с която да се измени квалификацията на деянието в такова по чл. 343а, ал.1, б.“а“, вр. чл. 343, ал.1, б.“Б“, пр.2, вр. чл. 342, ал.1, пр.3 от НК, тъй като подс. В. е направил всичко зависещо от него за оказване помощ на пострадалия и на осн. чл. 78а, ал.4 от НК да не се налага наказание лишаване от право да управлява МПС.

В разпоредително заседание от  29.01.2018г. въззивният съдебен състав по реда на чл.327 от НПК е преценил, че за изясняване на обстоятелствата по делото не се налага провеждането на въззивно съдебно следствие.

Във въззивно съдебно заседание на 23.02.2018г., СГС, НО, XIV състав с определение е спрял на основание чл. 334, т.5, вр. чл. 25, т.5 от НПК наказателното производство по внохд № 5930/17г. по описа на СГС, НО, XIV състав и е указал на наблюдаващия прокурор, че на основание чл. 72, ал.1, вр. с чл. 70, б. „Д“ от ЗАНН може да направи предложение до наблюдаващия прокурор пред АССГ за възобновяване на приключило с влязло в сила наказателно постановление № 16-4332-019246/01.11.16г. на отдел ПП-СДВР административнонаказателно производство, което е било водено срещу подс. В. за същото деяние, за което е и настоящото наказателно производство.

В едномесечния срок предвиден в чл. 24, ал.3 от НПК наблюдаващият прокурор от СРП е направил предложение до АССГ за възобновяване на осн. чл. 72, ал.1, вр. чл. 70, б. „Д“ от ЗАНН на административнонаказателно производство по наказателно постановление №16-4332-019246/01.11.16г.на отдел ПП-СДВР.

С решение № 3523/28.05.2018г. по кнахд № 3079/18г. по описа на АССГ, I касационен състав на основание чл. 72, вр. чл. 70, б. „Д“ и чл. 73 от ЗАНН АССГ е възобновил административнонаказателното производство, приключило с влязло в сила НП №16-4332-019246/01.11.16г. на отдел ПП-СДВР, отменил е наказателното постановление, с което на  Б.В. е наложено административно наказание глоба за нарушение на чл. 179, ал.2, вр. ал.1, т.5 от ЗДвП и е прекратил същото административнонаказателно производство.

В открито съдебно заседание пред въззивния съд защитата на подсъдимия В. – адв. С. моли подадената въззивна жалба да бъде уважена и съдебното решение да бъде отменено или изменено. Посочва, че в случая при приложението на чл. 78а от НК не са съобразени множество смекчаващи обстоятелства, поради което не е следвало да се налага кумулативно предвиденото наказание за това престъпление. Твърди, че прокурорът изначално е квалифицирал грешно деянието, поради това, че е приложим по-леко квалифицирания състав, тъй като видно от доказателствата по делото подсъдимият е направил всичко възможно за да помогне на пострадалия. В тази връзка моли за изменение на обжалваното решение  и отмяна на наложеното кумулативно наказание лишаване от право на управление на МПС.

Подсъдимият В. се присъединява към казаното от защитника си. Заявява, че съжалява за случилото се.

Представителят на СГП моли за потвърждаване на първоинстанционния съдебен акт.

В правото си на последна дума подсъдимият В. заявява, че наистина съжалява за случилото се.

Софийски градски съд, след като обсъди доводите в жалбата, както и тези, изложени от страните в съдебно заседание и след като в съответствие с чл. 314 НПК провери изцяло правилността на атакуваната присъда, намери за установено следното:

 Първоинстанционната присъда е постановена при изяснена фактическа обстановка, която се установява от събраните по делото гласни и писмени доказателства, обсъдени подробно в мотивите на присъдата. Първоинстанционният съд е положил необходимите усилия за изясняване на обстоятелствата по делото и е направил своите доказателствени изводи въз основа на достъпния и възможен за събиране и проверка доказателствен материал. При самостоятелна преценка на събраните по делото доказателства, второинстанционният съд не намери основания за промяна фактическата обстановка по делото, която е следната:

Подсъдимият Б.Д.В. е  роден на ***г***, българин, български гражданин, разведен, неосъждан, образование средно, шофьор, с постоянен адрес *** и настоящ адрес ***, ЕГН **********. Подсъдимият е правоспособен водач на МПС.

На 03.10.2016 г., около 13:30 часа, в гр. София подсъдимият Б.В. управлявал моторно превозно средство - лек автомобил, марка „Хюндай”, модел „Елантра” с рег. № ******, по  бул. „Княгиня Мария Луиза“ с посока на движение от  ул. „Козлодуй“ към  бул. „Христо Ботев“. Било през светлата част на денонощието, видимостта била добра, пътното платно било сухо, без дупки, неравности и наклони. По същото време пострадалият св. Т.А.С.се движел с велосипед, марка „Cross“, модел „GRX 9“ по велосипедната алея на   бул. „Мария Луиза“ с посока на движение от Централна автогара – София към  ул.„Козлодуй“. Широчината на платното за движение на  бул. „Княгиня Мария Луиза“, предназначено за движение по посока на автомобила, е 8,4 м., било с три пътни ленти с широчина по 2,8 м. всяка, разделени помежду си с прекъсната разделителна линия М3 от ППЗДвП. Широчината на велоалеята е 2,2 м. и е предназначена за движение на велосипеди в двете посоки. Водачът на автомобила се движел в крайната дясна лента на  бул. „Княгиня Мария Луиза“, а велосипедистът се движел в дясната част на велоалеята.

На кръстовището с  ул. „Веслец“ подсъдимият Б.В., след спиране, предприел маневра „завиване надясно“ към   ул. „Веслец“, навлизайки на велоалеята на  бул. „Княгиня Мария Луиза и в траекторията на насрещно движещия се по нея велосипед, управляван от св. Т.С.. Велосипедистът направил опит да спре, употребявайки и двете спирачки на велосипеда, при което загубил равновесие, отделил се от велосипеда, ударил се с тяло в зоната на задните леви врата и колонка на автомобила и паднал на пътното платно на дясната страна на тялото си.

Подсъдимият веднага спрял автомобила си, отишъл до падналия велосипедист, за да провери как е, след което го откарал до „ПИРОГОВ“. На място в „ПИРОГОВ“ пристигнали полицейски служители от О „ПП“ – СДВР – св. Б.П.и колегата му Т.В.. Подсъдимият Б.В. и водачът на велосипеда – св. С.били изпробвани за алкохол. Пробите и на двамата били отрицателни. Съставени били констативен протокол К – 873/03.10.2016г. и скица на ПТП, като на водача на лекия автомобил – подсъдимия В. бил съставен Акт за установяване на административно нарушение с бл. № 538678/03.10.2016 г., за извършено нарушение по чл. 25, ал. 1 от Закона за движение по пътищата /ЗДвП/.

Видно от заключението на изготвените по делото съдебно-медицинска  експертиза и комплексна медико - автотехническа експертиза, пострадалият Т.С., вследствие на пътно-транспортното произшествие, е получил следното травматично увреждане – изкълчване  на дясната раменна става, довело до трайно /за срок около 1,5 – 2 месеца, т.е. за срок по – дълъг от 30 дни/ затруднение движенията на десният горен крайник.

В хода на разследването по досъдебното производство е назначена и изготвена е  комплексна медико - автотехническа експертиза, която сочи следното:

 - Мястото на удара се намира на 0,5 – 1,6 м. вдясно от десния край на платното за движение на бул.“Мария Луиза“ и на 3,0 – 4,0 м. след края на тротоара вдясно от  бул.“Мария Луиза“, считано в посока на движение на автомобила преди маневрата.

- Скоростта на движение на автомобил, марка „ХЮНДАЙ“ в района на произшествието преди и в момента на удара е около 15 км/ч, скоростта на велосипеда преди и в момента на удара е била от порядъка на 10 км/ч.

- Опасната зона за спиране на автомобила при конкретните пътни условия и скорост 15 км/ч. е 6-7 м., а на велосипеда при скорост 10 км/ч. е 4-5 м.

  - Отстоянието, на което се е намирал велосипедът в момента, в който автомобилът е навлязъл в траекторията на движение на велосипедиста, е 3 м. Велосипедистът, движейки се със скорост 10 км/ч. непосредствено преди ПТП, от момента, в който автомобилът е навлязъл в траекторията му на движение, не е имал техническата възможност да спре преди мястото на удара.

- Причина за настъпването на произшествието се явява субективното поведение на  водача на лек автомобил „.“ – подсъдимият Б.В., който, извършвайки маневра „завиване на дясно“ и навлизайки във велоалеята, не е пропуснал насрещно движещият се велосипед.

- Водачът на лек автомобил „Хюндай“ – подсъдимият Б.В., е могъл да предотврати произшествието като пропусне насрещно движещия се велосипед, след което извърши маневрата, съобразявайки се с останалите участници в движението.

Изложената фактическа обстановка се установява от доказателствената съвкупност по делото, а именно: гласни – показания на свидетелите Т.С. /л.12-13 от досъд. пр./ и Б.А.П./л.15 от досъд. пр./, писмени – справка от О „ПП“ – СДВР, ведно с приложени документи във връзка с ПТП /л.39-49 от досъд. пр./, заключение на съдебно-медицинска експертиза /л.20-21 от досъд. пр./, заключение на комплексна медико - автотехническа експертиза /л.23-33 от досъд. пр./, справка за съдимост /л.62 от досъд. пр./, констативен протокол К-873 от 03.10.2016 г. /л.40 от досъд. пр./ и др.

Настоящият съдебен състав споделя доказателствените изводи, до които е достигнал районният съд. Отделно от това, първоинстанционният съд в пълна степен е изпълнил задължението си да вземе всички необходими мерки за разкриване на истината. Атакуваната присъда е постановена след задълбочен анализ на събраните по делото доказателства поотделно и в съвкупност, като районният съд е изложил ясни и мотивирани съображения кои доказателствени източници кредитира и кои не, с които настоящият съдебен състав изцяло се съгласява.

Резонно първият съд е достигнал до извод, че показанията на разпитаните по делото свидетели са еднопосочни, вътрешно непротиворечиви, подредени. Същите внасят яснота относно времето, мястото и механизма на настъпване на инцидента, посоката на движение на МПС, поведението на подсъдимия и пострадалия.

Обосновано съдът е дал вяра на показанията на пострадалия Т.С., които са безпротиворечиви, подробни и съответстват на заключението на КМАТЕ, СМЕ и изготвения констативен протокол. По убедителен начин пострадалият пресъздава механизма на ПТП. Без съмнение се установява, че автомобилът, управляван от подсъдимия В. извършвайки маневра „завиване на дясно“ и навлизайки във велоалеята  не е пропуснал движещият се велосипед, управляван от С.като по този начин е станал причина за настъпване на ПТП, в какъвто смисъл е и заключението на КМАТЕ.

Важен доказателствен източник в настоящото производство са показанията на св. Б.П.. Показанията на същия свидетел са анализирани обстойно от първата инстанция, както по отношение на тяхното съдържание, така и в съвкупност с останалите събрани по делото доказателства и обосновано в мотивите към обжалваната присъда е прието, че същите показания относно соченото от П.като възприето от него следва да се кредитират като достоверни. Обсъжданият свидетел пресъздава разказа на пострадалия относно механизма на инцидента, който напълно съвпада с този установен от заключението на КМАТЕ. Наред с това П.свидетелства за оказаната помощ от страна на подсъдимия, който закарал пострадалия С.в болница, което обстоятелство намира потвърждение в останалите доказателства, приобщени по делото.

Писмените доказателства, приети в хода на съдебното следствие съдът кредитира изцяло като прецени, че същите кореспондират по категоричен начин с останалите доказателства.

Съдът изцяло кредитира заключенията на съдебномедицинска експертиза, комплексна медико-автотехническа експертизи като обективни и пълни, отговарящи на поставените им задачи.

От заключението на изготвената СМЕ се изяснява вида на полученото телесно увреждане на пострадалия, а именно изкълчване на дясна раменна става, което е довело до трайно затруднение на движенията на десния горен крайник за срок от 1,5 – 2 месеца.

Безспорно доказателство в подкрепа на авторството на деянието е заключението на назначената на досъдебното производство комплексна съдебномедицинска  и автотехническа експертиза. Същата установява скоростта на движение на процесния автомобил преди катастрофата, механизма на ПТП и техническите причини за него, както и възможността за предотвратяване на инцидента. Настоящият съдебен състав възприе това заключение като пълно, ясно и обосновано и не намери основание да се съмнява в неговата правилност, още повече, че то е неоспорено от страните. Същото е изготвено от висококвалифицирани експерти, в чиято професионална компетентност и добросъвестност няма съмнение.

При така установената фактическа обстановка, настоящата въззивна инстанция намира, че първостепенният съд е направил правилни правни изводи досежно съставомерността на инкриминираното деяние, като напълно законосъобразно и обосновано го е подвел под състава на престъплението по чл.343, ал.1, б. „Б“, пр. 2, вр. чл. 342, ал.1, пр.3 от НК.

Подсъдимият В. на 03.10.2016г., около 13:30 часа в гр. София при управляване на моторно превозно средство – лек автомобил марка „Хюндай“, модел „Елантра“, с рег. № ******, по бул. „Княгиня Мария Луиза“ с посока на движение от ул. „ Козлодуй“ към бул. „Христо Ботев“ и на кръстовището с ул. „Веслец“ нарушил правилата за движение по пътищата установени в Закона за движение по пътищата, а именно чл. 25, ал.1 от ЗДвП, като при извършване на маневра „завой на дясно“ от бул. „Княгиня Мария Луиза“ към ул. „Веслец“ не пропуснал и реализирал пътно транспортно произшествие с насрещно движещия се по обособена велосипедна алея велосипедист Т.А.С., управляващ велосипед марка „Cross”, модел „GRX 9” и по непредпазливост му причинил средна телесна повреда по смисъла на чл. 129, ал.2 от НК, изразяваща се в изкълчване на дясната раменна става, довело до трайно затруднение на движенията на десния горен крайник.

От обективна страна подсъдимият е осъществил изпълнителното деяние на посоченото престъпление чрез действие, като на посочената дата и място, при управление на МПС, е нарушил правилата за движение по пътищата – чл. 25, ал.1 от ЗДвП според който " Водач на пътно превозно средство, който ще предприеме каквато и да е маневра, като например да заобиколи пътно превозно средство, да излезе от реда на паркираните превозни средства или да влезе между тях, да се отклони надясно или наляво по платното за движение, в частност за да премине в друга пътна лента, да завие надясно или наляво за навлизане по друг път или в крайпътен имот, преди да започне маневрата, трябва да се убеди, че няма да създаде опасност за участниците в движението, които се движат след него, преди него или минават покрай него, и да извърши маневрата, като се съобразява с тяхното положение, посока и скорост на движение.“  Налице е виновно допуснато от подсъдимия В. нарушение по чл.25, ал.1 от Закона за движение по пътищата.

Причинения на пострадалия С.съставомерен вредоносен резултат –средна телесна повреда е в пряка причинно-следствена връзка с допуснатото от подсъдимия В. нарушение на правилата за движение по пътищата, а именно – чл. 25, ал.1  от Закон за движение по пътищата, както правилно е приел районния съд.

Правилно и обосновано първата инстанция е приела, че от субективна страна подсъдимият е извършил деянието при форма на вина непредпазливост, във вида небрежност. Подсъдимият В. не е предвиждал настъпването на общественоопасните последици – причиняване на инкриминирания резултат на пострадалия, но е бил длъжен и в конкретния случай е могъл да го предвиди.

Представената в мотивите към решението индивидуализация на наказанието се явява частично правилна и законосъобразна. В съответствие с правилата на чл. 78а от НК е дадената оценка за установените доказателства по делото, че подсъдимият В. не е осъждан и не е бил освобождаван от наказателна отговорност, че от престъплението не са настъпили имуществени щети,с което следва при тези предпоставки на материалния закон да се приложи чл. 78а от НК. За това правилно подсъдимият е освободен от наказателна отговорност с налагане на административно наказание глоба.

Първоинстанционният съд при преценка необходимостта от налагане на подсъдимия В. на наказанието по чл. 37, ал.1, т.7 от НК - лишаване от правото да управлява моторно превозно средство за определен срок, не е отчел относимите по делото обстоятелства за правилното решаване на този въпрос и за извършване на законосъобразна и обоснована преценка по 78а, ал.4 от НК.

Съдът не е обсъдил оказаното съдействие на пострадалия, като подсъдимият е откарал пострадалия до болница, стоял е с него, изчакал е полицейските служители и е оказал пълно съдействие до приключване на всички действия по разследване на местопроишествието. Следва да се има предвид, че при индивидуализация на случая се предполага налагане на наказание при отчетена реално оказана активна помощ от дееца, фактът, че същият е таксиметров шофьор и има непълнолетни деца, за които да се грижи, т.е. неговото препитаване е свързано с управлението на МПС. Ето защо, на последния следва да се определи наказание при отчитане на всички смекчаващи отговорността обстоятелства, без да се стига до една излишна репресия и лишаването му от неговото препитаване.    

Всички тези обстоятелства оценени в съвкупност дават основание да се приеме, че за поправянето на подсъдимия В. не следва да се налага и административно наказание лишаване от право да управлява МПС. Налагането на такава санкция не е задължително, тъй като съгласно разпоредбата на чл. 78а, ал.4 от НК на съда е дадена възможност да прецени необходимостта от допълнителна санкция, но след като вземе предвид всички обстоятелства разкриващи обществената опасност на деянието и на дееца, както и необходимостта от налагането на лишаване от правоуправление с оглед постигане целите на специалната превенция. Това не е сторено от районният съд и приложението на чл. 78а, ал.4 от НК е необосновано и неправилно.

Ето защо настоящата съдебна инстанция приема, че за постигане целите на наказанието, както и на генералната и индивидуална превенции, в конкретния случай не се налага към наложеното административно наказание "глоба" да се присъединява и наказанието "лишаване от право да се управлява МПС". 

Поради това въззивната жалба се преценява като основателна и следва да бъде уважена. Обжалваното решение ще следва да се измени, като практически изменението следва да се изрази в отмяна на приложението на чл. 343г и налагането на наказание "лишаване от право да се управлява МПС".

 

 

 

 

В останалата му част решението следва да се потвърди.    

Така мотивиран и на основание чл. 334, т.3 от НПК вр. чл. 337, ал.1, т.1 и 2 от НПК съдът

 

 

 

 

Р Е Ш И:

 

 

 

 

ИЗМЕНЯ Присъда от 25.10.2017г. по НОХД № 14683/2017 г. по описа на СРС, НО, 5 състав като ОТМЕНЯ приложението на чл. 343г от НК и наложеното на подсъдимия Б.Д.В. административно наказание "лишаване от право да се управлява МПС" за срок от 6 месеца.   

ПОТВЪРЖДАВА присъдата в останалата й част.

Решението е окончателно и не подлежи на обжалване и/или протест.

 

 

 

ПРЕДСЕДАТЕЛ:……………………..

 

 

 ЧЛЕНОВЕ:1…………………………..

 

 

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