Определение по дело №65/2020 на Окръжен съд - Разград

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ

          №       / ……………….2020г., гр.Разград

           

Окръжен съд Разград

На четиринадесети април, две хиляди и двадесета година

В закрито съдебно заседание в следния състав:

ПРЕДСЕДАТЕЛ: АНЕЛИЯ ЙОРДАНОВА

ЧЛЕНОВЕ: ИРИНА ГАНЕВА

АТАНАС ХРИСТОВ

Секретар:

Прокурор:

Като разгледа докладваното от съдия Ирина Ганева

В.ч.гр.д. № 65 по описа на съда за 2020г., за да се произнесе, взе предвид следното:

Производството е по реда на чл.413 ал.2 ГПК.

Образувано е по частна жалба на „Профи кредит България“ЕООД, представляван от управителите Св.Николов и Цв.Станева, подадена чрез пълномощник, срещу разпореждане № 137/5.02.2020г., постановено по ч.гр.д. № 69/2020г. на РС Кубрат, в частта, с която е отхвърлено подаденото заявление на жалбоподателя за издаване на заповед за изпълнение по чл.410 ГПК срещу длъжника В.С.Г. за сумата от 246,76лв. неплатено възнаграждение за закупен пакет от допълнителни услуги и сумата 30лв. за неплатени такси по тарифа за извънсъдебно събиране на вземането, преценени от първостепенния съд като неравноправно договорени вземания. Жалбоподателят твърди, че разпореждането е неправилно и необосновано. Счита, че в производството по чл.410 ГПК съдът не разполага с правомощия да проверява валидността на сделката, както и че не са налице неравноправни клаузи в сключения договор за потребителски кредит, от който черпи претендираните вземания. Моли въззивния съд да отмени разпореждането в обжалваната част и да постанови издаването на заповед за изпълнение за посочените по-горе суми.

Жалбата е подадена от легитимирана страна срещу акт, който подлежи на обжалване и в законовия срок за това, поради което същата се явява процесуално допустима.

Разгледана по същество съдът намира жалбата за неоснователна по следните съображения:

Производството по ч.гр.д. № 69/2020 г. на Районен съд Кубрат е образувано по заявление на „Профи кредит България“ЕООД за издаване на заповед за изпълнение по чл.410 ГПК срещу длъжника В.С.Г. за следните суми: 250,31лв. неизплатена главница по договор за потребителски кредит; 26,39лв. за договорно възнаграждение, дължимо за периода 16.03.2019г.-16.07.2019г., 246,76лв. за неплатено възнаграждение за закупен пакет допълнителни услуги, дължимо до 16.07.2019г., 30лв. за неплатени такси по тарифа за извънсъдебно събиране на вземането, начислени на 31.03.2019г., 31,65лв. лихва за забава за периода 17.03.2019г.-16.07.2019г. и законна лихва от датата на подаване на заявлението до окончателното изплащане на вземането.

Районният съд е издал заповед за изпълнение за главницата, ведно със законната лихва, договорното възнаграждение и лихвата за забава за периода 17.03.2019г.-16.07.2019г.

За да откаже издаване на заповед за изпълнение за сумата 246,76лв. за неплатено възнаграждение за закупен пакет допълнителни услуги, дължимо до 16.07.2019г. и за сумата  30лв. за неплатени такси по тарифа за извънсъдебно събиране на вземането, начислени на 31.03.2019г., районният съд е приел, че възнаграждението за допълнителния пакет услуги е с неравноправен характер и противоречи на чл.10а ал.2 ЗПК, а такса по тарифа за извънсъдебно събиране на вземането не е уговорена между страните.

Съображенията на първостепенния съд се споделят от въззивния съдебен състав.

Съгласно чл.411 ал.2 т.3 ГПК заповед за изпълнение не се издава, когато искането се основава на неравноправна клауза в договор, сключен с потребител или е налице обоснована вероятност за това. В този смисъл е неоснователно възражението в частната жалба за неотносимост на въпросите, свързани с неравноправния характер на отделни клаузи от договор в заповедното производство. Цитираната от жалбоподателя съдебна практика на съдилища е постановена в периода преди изменението в чл.411 ал.2 ГПК, поради което не следва да се съобразява.

Относно оплакванията в жалбата по същество на отхвърлените вземания, касаещи споразумението за предоставяне на пакет от допълнителни услуги и такса по тарифа за извънсъдебно събиране на вземането, съдът намира следното: възможността за събиране от потребителя на такси и комисионни за допълнителни услуги, свързани с договора, е регламентирана в разпоредбата на чл.10а ал.1 ЗПК, но съгласно ал.2 на същия член законът не допуска кредиторът да изисква заплащането на такси и комисионни за действия, свързани с усвояване и управление на кредита. Предвиденото в споразумението заплащане за приоритетно разглеждане и изплащане на кредита и улеснената процедура за получаване на допълнителни парични средства има очевидния характер на такси/комисионни във връзка с усвояването на кредит, а възможностите за отлагане и намаляване на вноски и смяна на датата на падежа по естеството си са такива, свързани с управление на кредита.

В противоречие с императивната разпоредба на чл.10а ал.4 ЗПК клаузите в споразумението за допълнителни услуги са формулирани неясно, тъй като с изключение на първата от закупените допълнителни услуги, за нито една от останалите няма стойностно измерение, от което да се установи нейната тежест в ежемесечните вноски, дължими по допълнителния пакет, както и съразмерността им с цената, която се заплаща за ползването им.

Тъй като допълнителните услуги касаят усвояването и управлението на кредита или са относими към бъдещи несигурни събития, а и са неясно формулирани, уговарянето им е в нарушение на императивните разпоредбите на чл.10а ал.2 и 4 ЗПК, поради което тези уговорки са нищожни, съгл. чл.21 ал.1 ЗПК.

Уговорките за заплащане на допълнителния пакет от услуги са и неравноправни по смисъла на чл.143 ЗЗП. Заплащането на възнаграждението за различните видове допълнителни услуги от потребителя е предварително и дължимо само за правото, предоставено от ищеца на ответника да се възползва от всяка от посочените услуги, без значение дали някоя от тези услуги ще бъде реално използвана по време на действието на сключения между страните договор. В споразумението е посочено, че клиентът има право да поиска фактическото предоставяне на всяка от услугите, но видно от чл.15.2.3. и чл.15.4.1 от общите условия, за осъществяването на тази възможност е необходимо подписване на допълнително споразумение, т.е. за да се възползва длъжникът от пакета допълнителни услуги, се изисква одобрение от кредитора, което означава, че следва да се плати предварително за възможност, която зависи от волята на кредитора. Независимо, че тези услуги може да не бъдат предоставени от кредитора, цената по тях остава дължима, като не е предвидена възможност за отпадане или намаляването й. Това поставя в по-неблагоприятна позиция потребителя, не защитава правата му като по-слаба страна в правоотношението и води до значително неравновесие между правата и задълженията на страните. Тъй като клаузите за заплащане на пакет от допълнителни услуги са неравноправни и обективно няма доказателства по делото да са уговорени индивидуално, на основание чл.146 ал.1 ЗЗП те са нищожни. Следователно заявлението в частта за претендираната сума от 246,76лв. за допълнителен пакет услуги е неоснователно и следва да бъде оставено без уважение.

По отношение на претенцията на наличие на задължение за сумата 30лв., претендирана като неплатени такси по тарифа за извънсъдебно събиране на вземането, въззивният съд не установява такава договорена клауза в подписания договор за потребителски кредит, поради което и ва тази част заявлението е неоснователно и следва да се отхвърли.

Като е достигнал до същите изводи, районният съд е постановил правилен и законосъобразен съдебен акт. Частната жалба е неоснователна и следва да бъде оставена без уважение.

Водим от горното, съдът

ОПРЕДЕЛИ:

 

Оставя без уважение частната жалба на „Профи кедит България“ЕООД против разпореждане № 137/5.02.2020г., постановено по ч.гр.д. № 69/2020г. на РС Кубрат, в частта, с която е отхвърлено подаденото заявление на жалбоподателя за издаване на заповед за изпълнение по чл.410 ГПК срещу длъжника В.С.Г. за сумата от 246,76лв. неплатено възнаграждение за закупен пакет от допълнителни услуги и сумата 30лв. за неплатени такси по тарифа за извънсъдебно събиране на вземането.

Определението е окончателно и не подлежи на обжалване.

       

 

ПРЕДСЕДАТЕЛ:                                

 

 

 

                                                                     ЧЛЕНОВЕ: 1.                             

 

 

 

     2.